Mitakihara Town (Mitakihara-chō) is a provincial city where the story of Puella Magi Madoka Magica takes place. It was not until recently that development began in the town. Much modern architecture has been constructed since.
Also Mitakihara City (Mitakihara-shi) is mentioned in the story. The evacuation notice in Episode 11 refers to Mitakihara City. Mitakihara Town is most likely another name used for Mitakihara City. It is possible the town is a subdivision of the city, though if this were the case, it'd be more likely referred to as a ward.
In the AWA fics, this city/town is under protection of the All Worlds Alliance.